Types of depressionMajor depression, persistent depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, seasonal affective disorder (SAD), psychotic depression, peripartum (postpartum) depression, “situational” premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) depression. People with major depression experience symptoms most of the day, every day. These symptoms can last for weeks or even months. Some people may have a single episode of major depression, while others experience it throughout their lives.
Regardless of how long symptoms last, major depression can cause problems with your relationships and daily activities. Persistent depressive disorder is depression that lasts 2 years or more. People may also refer to this as dysthymia or chronic depression. Persistent depression may not feel as intense as major depression, but it can still strain relationships and make daily tasks difficult.
Persistent depression lasts for years in a row, so people with this type of depression may begin to feel that their symptoms are only part of their normal view of life. Some people with major depression may experience periods of psychosis. This may involve hallucinations and delusions. Medical professionals refer to this as major depressive disorder with psychotic characteristics.
However, some providers still refer to this phenomenon as depressive psychosis or psychotic depression. Similar to perinatal depression, PMDD may be related to hormonal changes. Your symptoms often start right after ovulation and begin to subside once you have your period. Situational depression, or adjustment disorder with depressed mood, resembles major depression in many ways.
Home Education Depression Types of depression, major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder are two of the most common types of depression people experience, however, there are many types of depression. Most mood disorders have major depressive episodes in common. This is also true for bipolar disorder, another type of mood disorder. People who have major depressive disorder have had at least one major depressive episode (five or more symptoms for at least a two-week period).
For some people, this disorder is recurrent, meaning that they may experience episodes once a month, once a year, or several times throughout their lives. People with recurrent episodes of major depression are sometimes said to have unipolar depression (or what was once called “clinical depression”), because they only experience periods of low or depressed mood. Persistent depressive disorder (formerly dysthymia) is a chronic, ongoing state of low-level depression. The depressive state of persistent depressive disorder is not as severe as that of major depression, but it can be just as disabling.
Postpartum depression is characterized by feelings of sadness, indifference, exhaustion and anxiety that a woman may experience after the birth of her baby. It affects one in 9 women who have had a child and can affect any woman, regardless of age, race or economic status. People diagnosed with bipolar disorder have mood swings that include both low (bipolar depression) and high levels (called mania if severe or hypomania if mild). When people experience the minimums of bipolar disorder (bipolar depression), their symptoms are very similar to what a person with unipolar depression might experience.
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) usually begins in late fall and early winter and dissipates during spring and summer. Summer-related depressive episodes can occur, but are much less common than winter episodes of SAD. PND is a term given to depression that occurs after having a baby. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, about 10 to 15 percent of mothers go through it, so it's quite common, and awareness is getting better and better.
Also known as persistent depressive disorder (PTE) or chronic depression, dysthymia is a fairly constant mood that lasts two years or more. As it is long-term, dysthymia may seem “normal”, but like other types of depression, it is completely treatable and worth seeking help. According to the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, patients suffering from “atypical” depression will have symptoms of general depression or dysthymia, but unlike those with “typical” depression, they will experience “a better mood when positive events occur”. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by periods of abnormally elevated mood known as mania.
These periods can be mild (hypomania) or they can be so extreme that they cause a marked deterioration in a person's life, require hospitalization, or affect a person's sense of reality. The vast majority of people with bipolar disorder also have episodes of major depression. And for people who are diagnosed with depression, it may be helpful to have information about their specific disorder. Dysthymia, also known as persistent depressive disorder, is a long-term form of depression that lasts for years and can interfere with daily life, work, and relationships.
If you or someone you love is struggling with depression, contact the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357 for information on support and treatment facilities in your area. Unlike major depression, a common sign of atypical depression is a feeling of heaviness in the arms and legs, as a form of paralysis. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, or PMDD, is a hormone-based cyclical mood disorder, commonly considered a severe and disabling form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Unlike other forms of depression, people with atypical depression may respond better to a type of antidepressant known as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).
This severe form of PMS can cause depression, sadness, anxiety or irritability, as well as other extreme symptoms, in the week before a woman's menstruation. This information is not intended to replace a physician's independent judgment of the appropriateness or risks of a procedure for a given patient. To be diagnosed with this form of depression, a person must have experienced at least one attack of mania. .
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